Wednesday, July 01, 2015

The Use of Zakar in Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13



The use of zakar is important in both Leviticus 18:22 and 20:13. By using it, the OT writers were not simply saying that it is wrong for men to have sexual relations with other men, but that it was wrong for men to sleep with anything male, including male children. That's explicit in Lev. 20:13 that uses both 'isyh and zakar. The OT writers were not just considering consensual male adults but any male-male sexual act. It was an overarching term forbidding all homosexual acts. This is how Paul and others in the first century CE understood these verses. The Greek translation of the OT uses arsenos koite for the translation of " sexual acts with male" in Leviticus 20:13. These two words eventually came together as arsenokoitai which refers to sex acts between males of any age. Paul uses it in 1 Corinthians 6:9 but it's used elsewhere outside of the NT.

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